Encyclopedia
Browse through our collection of fallacies, fake news, and misinformation, to learn how to debunk each. You can get to know more about their backgrounds and focuses with examples from international media.
The articles in this encyclopedia were written by our project participants. We did not police the choice of the topic, or the source media, we simply wanted to show as much variety as possible. That is why there are articles focused on more serious topics, as well as more light-hearted ones. Any disinformation has the potential to be harmful on some scale, even if it is only creating distrust in the society.

Anti-vaxxers’ propaganda
Online portal Nulta Tačka falsely claims 3,000% death surge in New Zealand amid high vaccination


Vassalage treaty of treason
Fascists want a death penalty for Czech Minister of Defence

War in the Balkans?
An inappropriate comparison between Kosovo and Ukraine

Racist politician?
Journalistic trick to make a Minister of Education sound racist

Stacking the Deck
The author misreports an event using slanted language and one-sided storytelling

Chinese man gets stuck in South Korea after son, 4, doodles all over his passport picture
A Chinese Citizen Cannot Travel Back to His Country Due to His Damaged Passport

The couple of the year
Colombian singer Sebastian Yatra and Spanish „Formentera“ performer Aitana Ocana officially together

No money for humanities
Dear teachers, do not cry about your salary, try tuition fees

The power of language
How journalists manipulate people with simple language tricks

Their careers are scams
How to convince the media that you are famous and then make a career?

UKRAINIAN ATTACKS POLICE
Fake information about a man attacking the police

Peace and Justice
How can call for peace serve defeatism and propaganda of the aggressor

Toxic Salmon?
Why salmon is (not) the unhealthiest food

Language of migration
How the choice of words can affect the reception of the article

Fake quotes by the German minister of foreign affairs
Fake quotes of Annalena Baerbock (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) shared and re-posted on social media

Lies about air quality measurements by Airly
A politician is trying to undermine the credibility of air quality measurements by Airly

Overestimation links lifestyle to aging
Overestimating the impact a healthy lifestyle can have on the ageing process

Missing context
Framing a Christian man as a victim of LGBTQ+ rights


Diamond cut elections
Antisemitic twist on conspiracy about why are liberal politicians wining in western Europe

The Energy Crisis
Households will be allowed to use a maximum of two appliances simultaneously

Candy ingredients safety
Falsely claiming a product is dangerous

Marginalization of Climate Change
Playing down climate crisis and the negation of science


Anti-terrorist Inflation
Proclamation of Russia as a terrorist state as the cause for the high inflation in Lithuania and Estonia

Watermelon Lies
Fear-mongering to gather advertisement clicks

The Queen dead on The Simpsons
Were the Simpsons right once again?


Misinterpreted parallels
An alleged similar event is compared to a case of racially motivated violence without sufficient proof

Lockdown-related manipulation
Lockdown shown as an arbitrary decision of the government

Alleged aggressive refugees
Openly fake recording about refugees presented as relevant and convincing